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Four predictions for the future of space | 91TV

4 mins watch 25 November 2024

Transcript

  • We can't predict the future.
  • And when it comes to imagining the future of space exploration,
  • it's easy for things to get a little, well, sci-fi.
  • But what if they're not?
  • Here are four things that could actually happen in our lifetimes.
  • For decades, science fiction writers have imagined a future
  • where space elevators transport us almost effortlessly into orbit.
  • Scientists now believe that this could, in theory, become reality,
  • using new materials like graphene, thought to be
  • the strongest of all known materials.
  • Picture this - a docking station somewhere on Earth
  • with an ultra-strong and super lightweight tether cable,
  • which would crawl up like a lift into orbit.
  • Space elevators could also transport things between planets and moons.
  • That could be useful, for example, on Mars,
  • which has a very thin atmosphere,
  • making it really hard to land a spacecraft.
  • A quick space elevator trip between Mars' moon Phobos
  • and the Martian surface could make things much easier.
  • Space tourism could become a very real thing.
  • You'd take a space elevator to the orbit
  • and then take another mode of transport to your destination.
  • Day trip to the Moon, anyone?
  • The planets, moons, and asteroids in our solar system
  • are packed with rare materials such as nickel, iron, and cobalt,
  • which are used for batteries, electronics,
  • and many low-carbon technologies.
  • The most valuable asteroid in the solar system is 511 Davida,
  • whose value is estimated at $27 quintillion.
  • That's 27 and 18 zeros.
  • Meanwhile, other objects in the asteroid belt are full of diamonds.
  • We could potentially reduce damage to the Earth's ecosystem
  • by shifting the mining of many resources to space.
  • Some companies and governments are already interested
  • in exploring this, but is it theirs to exploit?
  • In the near future, space mining is more likely to be used
  • to make human populations in space self-sufficient,
  • supplying fuels and materials to space stations and settlements
  • on the Moon and Mars.
  • Much easier than taking it with us from Earth!
  • In the next 50 years, it's very possible
  • that the surface of the Moon will be dominated by
  • industrial-scale mining and giant structures
  • that we've built from the materials we've mined.
  • In 50 years' time,
  • there may well be permanent settlements on Mars,
  • but life for those early explorers will be tough.
  • There's no breathable atmosphere,
  • relentless dust storms and extreme temperatures.
  • These pioneers will face lots of challenges
  • to grow and sustain a human presence on Mars.
  • For example, how to grow food.
  • Martian soil is full of chemicals toxic to humans,
  • meaning that any food grown there would be lethal.
  • Humans living on Mars may need all sorts of gadgets and gizmos
  • to help them cope in that environment,
  • such as robotic exoskeletons to counteract muscle wastage
  • and loss in bone density.
  • Satellites orbiting the Earth tell us the weather,
  • provide GPS navigation and climate modelling,
  • and since 2019, the number of satellites orbiting Earth
  • has increased from approximately 2,000
  • to more than 10,000.
  • Every time a satellite collides with a piece of space junk,
  • it increases the chance of future collisions.
  • This could set off a chain reaction known as Kessler syndrome,
  • where the Earth is surrounded by so much space junk
  • that launching anything into space becomes risky.
  • But there's huge potential too.
  • Some chemical reactions happen differently in space.
  • 3D printing in microgravity works really well, for example -
  • much better than on Earth,
  • making it possible to create replacement organs in space.
  • Global electricity demand has skyrocketed
  • due to advances in AI.
  • Google's greenhouse gas emissions alone have risen 48% in five years.
  • In the future, power-hungry data centres could be located in orbit,
  • fed by the plentiful renewable energy from giant solar panels,
  • and manufacturing in space could become a thing.
  • Who knows, maybe the label on your next prescription
  • or a T-shirt might one day say: "Made in Space".

Sometimes the future of space exploration can start to sound a little, well, sci-fi. But here's five possibilities that might actually become reality in the next 50 years. Join @DrBecky for an out-of-this-world adventure.


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