Safeguarding Anthropocene tropical forests
Science+ meeting organised by Professor Jane Hill OBE FRS, Dr Glen Reynolds MBE, Dr Lindsay Banin, Dr Ophelia Wang, Professor John Pyle CBE FRS
The conservation of tropical forests is vital for addressing the global biodiversity crisis, and forests provide opportunities for green financing through nature-based solutions. There is good understanding of the factors influencing forest ecosystems and this meeting will explore how this science can be deployed to ensure that green finance developments safeguard biodiversity.
Programme
The programme, including speaker biographies and abstracts, will be available soon. Please note that the programme may be subject to change.
Attending the event
This event is intended for researchers in relevant fields.
- Free to attend
- Both virtual and in-person attendance is available. Advance registration is essential
- Lunch is available on both days of the meeting for an optional £25 per day. There are plenty of places to eat nearby if you would prefer to purchase food offsite. Participants are welcome to bring their own lunch to the meeting
Please note that scientific meetings hosted by the Royal Society do not necessarily represent a Royal Society position or signify an endorsement of the speakers or content presented.
Enquiries: contact the Scientific Programmes team
Organisers
Schedule
Chair
Professor Jedediah Brodie
University of Montana, US
Professor Jedediah Brodie
University of Montana, US
Professor Jedediah Brodie is the Craighead Endowed Chair of Conservation at the University of Montana. His research examines how tropical forest communities are assembled and how biodiversity underpins ecosystem function in a rapidly changing world. Working across Southeast Asia, he combines long-term field studies—including camera trapping, acoustic monitoring, drone surveys, and forest experiments—with ecological modelling to understand how climate change, hunting, and habitat degradation reshape ecological communities, influencing forest resilience and carbon storage. His work has informed large-scale conservation planning and protected area design in Malaysia and elsewhere, helping bridge fundamental ecological research with practical conservation. Brodie serves as Co-Chair of the IUCN-WCPA Climate Change and Protected Areas Specialist Group, is a Research Fellow at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, and previously served as an elected Councilor of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.
| 09:00-09:10 |
Welcome by the Royal Society and organiser
Brief overview of meeting aims |
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| 09:10-09:25 |
Introduction to session by Chair
Professor Jedediah BrodieUniversity of Montana, US Professor Jedediah BrodieUniversity of Montana, US Professor Jedediah Brodie is the Craighead Endowed Chair of Conservation at the University of Montana. His research examines how tropical forest communities are assembled and how biodiversity underpins ecosystem function in a rapidly changing world. Working across Southeast Asia, he combines long-term field studies—including camera trapping, acoustic monitoring, drone surveys, and forest experiments—with ecological modelling to understand how climate change, hunting, and habitat degradation reshape ecological communities, influencing forest resilience and carbon storage. His work has informed large-scale conservation planning and protected area design in Malaysia and elsewhere, helping bridge fundamental ecological research with practical conservation. Brodie serves as Co-Chair of the IUCN-WCPA Climate Change and Protected Areas Specialist Group, is a Research Fellow at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, and previously served as an elected Councilor of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. |
| 09:25-09:55 |
The unseen structural and climatic complexity of tropical forests
Can you remember the first time you looked at a forest? If you picture this or search online for ‘person looking at forest’, you’ll probably be picturing someone looking up. Tropical forests are tall, but more than this – they’re complex and varied at many different scales. With that structural complexity comes climatic complexity, and the two together create a diversity of niches within the forest ecosystem. As forest structure is degraded and lost, so too are the microhabitats and microclimates. This talk will explore the unseen structural and climatic world of tropical forests, from ground to canopy. I will suggest why this scale of exploration matters for tropical biodiversity, how it might be threatened by anthropogenic stressors, and – conversely – how the conservation and restoration of forest structural complexity could be a key factor in creating climate resilient tropical forests.
Dr Rebecca SeniorUniversity of Durham, UK
Dr Rebecca SeniorUniversity of Durham, UK Rebecca Senior is an Associate Professor in Ecology at Durham University. Her research spans many biomes and taxa and is largely centred around understanding how species experience climate at local scales, and what this means for conservation under climate change. The distinction is important because most of our understanding of climate impacts and how to mitigate them is based on climate data that are not ecologically relevant. Nowhere is this more problematic than structurally complex forest habitats. Rebecca’s research utilises newly available technologies and techniques to describe climate at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions, and to explore when and how this resolution alters our understanding of predicted risk and resilience under climate change. |
| 09:55-10:25 |
Mapping Brazil’s biomass deficit: from forest pressure, restoration opportunities to carbon finance
Brazil has developed some of the world’s most advanced systems for monitoring and reporting forest resources using satellite observations, including PRODES, DETER and TerraClass. These systems have advanced our ability to quantify deforestation and forest biomass loss for the past two decades. Now, Brazil is moving in a new direction, developing national biomass maps that could help identify pressures on natural ecosystems, quantify their potential for recovery, and guide where restoration efforts and resources should be prioritized. Here, we explore what becomes possible when maps of current aboveground biomass are combined with estimates of potential biomass across Brazil. The difference between them - the biomass deficit - provides a spatially explicit estimate of how much biomass has been lost relative to the ecological potential of each landscape, determined by climate, soils and topography. This information could open new possibilities for environmental monitoring and decision-making. Large biomass deficits may reveal the accumulated effects of fire, logging, fragmentation and other pressures that are not captured by forest-cover change alone, allowing us to identify where ecosystems have been most structurally altered. At the same time, the magnitude of the deficit provides an estimate of where substantial carbon recovery may be biophysically possible, creating a new spatial layer that could guide carbon mechanisms and restoration planning. Combined with information on land tenure, restoration costs, biodiversity and socioeconomic conditions, biomass deficit could help identify where investments are likely to generate the greatest returns for carbon recovery and ecosystem restoration.
Dr Matheus NunesUniversity of Maryland, US
Dr Matheus NunesUniversity of Maryland, US Matheus Henrique Nunes is an Assistant Research Professor in the Department of Geographical Sciences at the University of Maryland and a scientist with NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar mission. His research investigates the ecological processes shaping tropical forest structure, diversity, functioning and resilience, and how forests respond to climate and human disturbance. He integrates satellite observations, airborne and terrestrial lidar, field measurements, and ecological modelling to study forest structure and dynamics across spatial scales, drawing on large field experience in the Amazon, Atlantic forests, Cerrado, Borneo and East Africa. His work has advanced the use of lidar to understand the influences of climate, soil, topography and disturbance in tropical forest ecology. His work has been published in leading journals, including Nature, Science, Nature Communications, Nature Reviews, Global Change Biology and New Phytologist. He earned his PhD from the University of Cambridge. |
| 10:25-10:55 |
Measuring what biodiversity does: a standardized rapid assessment framework for ecosystem multifunctionality in tropical forests
Tropical forests are increasingly monitored using biodiversity indicators to understand the impacts of logging, fragmentation, and land-use change. Advances in remote sensing, environmental DNA, automated acoustic monitoring and artificial intelligence have transformed our ability to document species distributions and community composition across large spatial scales. However, knowing what biodiversity is present does not necessarily reveal what biodiversity is doing. The ecological processes that underpin forest resilience and ecosystem services remain rarely measured because existing approaches are often labour-intensive, taxonomically specialised and difficult to standardize across landscapes, limiting their incorporation into large-scale monitoring programmes. Here, we present a standardized rapid assessment framework for quantifying ecosystem multifunctionality through six complementary invertebrate-mediated ecosystem processes: dung removal, seed removal, predation of insect herbivores, soil faunal activity, bioturbation and decomposition. Using simple, inexpensive and reproducible field assays, the framework captures key processes underpinning nutrient cycling, plant regeneration and soil functioning, while requiring minimal specialist expertise and enabling implementation within a single field campaign. Drawing on a landscape-scale application across a tropical forest disturbance gradient in Borneo, we demonstrate how rapid ecosystem function assessment complements biodiversity surveys by providing direct measures of ecological functioning and resilience. Rather than replacing conventional biodiversity monitoring, this framework adds a critical functional dimension for evaluating ecological integrity. As conservation increasingly focuses on safeguarding resilient tropical forests in the Anthropocene, integrating standardized assessments of ecosystem multifunctionality into monitoring programmes offers a scalable and transferable approach for linking biodiversity patterns with the ecosystem processes that sustain forest health.
Dr Li Yuen ChiewNanyang Technological University, Singapore
Dr Li Yuen ChiewNanyang Technological University, Singapore Dr Li Yuen holds a PhD in Ecological Processes and is an ecologist whose research focuses on how biodiversity and ecosystem functioning respond to environmental disturbance and land-use change. She is a Research Fellow in the Tropical Ecology and Entomology (TEE) Lab at the Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and collaborates with the South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP) in Sabah, Malaysia. Her research integrates biodiversity conservation with sustainable land management, with recent work examining the trade-offs between riparian habitat protection and pest regulation in oil palm landscapes. With over eight years of field research experience across the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, Dr Li Yuen specializes in biodiversity monitoring, ecological field experiments, and quantitative ecological analyses to support evidence-based conservation and sustainable land-use practices. |
| 10:55-11:15 |
Coffee break
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| 11:15-11:45 |
Title tbc
Professor Louise AshtonHong Kong University, China
Professor Louise AshtonHong Kong University, China Dr Louise Ashton is an Associate Professor and tropical rainforest ecologist at The University of Hong Kong, where she leads the Biodiversity and Environmental Change Lab. Her research investigates how global threats—including climate change, habitat loss, drought, and pesticide use—impact insect biodiversity, food webs, and critical ecosystem functions. By leading international, field-based projects across Malaysia, Thailand, Australia, and China, Dr Ashton combines biodiversity monitoring with field-based manipulation experiments to inform conservation and restoration efforts to protect tropical biomes |
| 11:45-12:30 |
Discussion
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Chair
Professor Julia Touza-Montero
University of York, UK
Professor Julia Touza-Montero
University of York, UK
Julia is a Professor of Environmental Economics at the University of York, working with partners across the scientific, business, and policy sectors to foster better decision-making aimed at reducing the impacts of natural and climate-related hazards on nature and human well-being. She is a member of the Economic Advisory Panel for the UK Government’s Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and Natural England’s Species Reintroduction Working Group. She currently serves as a Lead Author for the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) on the methodological assessment regarding the monitoring of biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people.
| 13:30-13:45 |
Introduction
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| 13:45-14:15 |
Talk title tbc
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| 14:15-14:45 |
Rethinking green financing, performance-based evidence, and the transformation of community-forest relations
Green financing has become central to community-based forestry initiatives across tropical landscapes. However, this growing reliance calls for critical examination of performance-based approaches shaping environmental governance. While these mechanisms are designed to enhance accountability and demonstrate environmental and social outcomes, they also reflect a shift from rights-based approaches toward indicator-driven governance. Consequently, social-ecological relationships risk being reduced to quantifiable outputs, with community success assessed primarily through financial returns, carbon outcomes, or performance metrics rather than locally defined values and relationships. Drawing on evidence from social forestry sites in Indonesia, we show that the reliance on market-based metrics shapes communities in uneven ways. Communities with stronger links to market systems are better positioned to access financing, as forests are framed as sources of opportunity and income generation. While market engagement can improve livelihoods, it may also transform priorities and community-forest relationships by encouraging practices aligned with external incentives. In contrast, communities whose forest governance is rooted in customary institutions and relational values generate benefits that standardised indicators fail to capture. This creates risks of inequality by favouring communities able to translate their practices into measurable market outcomes while marginalising those whose forest relationships reflect less visible social, cultural, and ecological values. The challenge for green financing in community-based forestry extends beyond improving measurement and accountability to recognising diverse ways of valuing and relating to landscapes. More equitable approaches should complement financial metrics with frameworks that acknowledge customary tenure, relational values, and varied social, cultural, and ecological meanings communities attach to forests. Associate Professor Truly Santika RintanenUniversity of Greenwich, UK Associate Professor Truly Santika RintanenUniversity of Greenwich, UK Truly is an Associate Professor of Environmental Geography at Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich. Her work focuses on interdisciplinary human-environment relationships, examining the connections between climate change, environmental land-use change, biodiversity, livelihoods, and human well-being across multiple scales. She applies geospatial impact evaluation, natural resource flow analysis, and telecoupling approaches to understand the complex interactions shaping these coupled social-ecological systems. Recently, she has led multiple projects in these areas, including an ESRC-funded project on food security at the intersection of forests, agriculture, and markets in tropical landscape, and a British Academy-funded project on contextualising evidence-informed policymaking in social forestry. She is currently leading a project examining multiscalar resource governance in the context of decarbonisation funded by the British Academy, co-leading a project on transformative change in biodiversity and equity funded by the EU Horizon Europe programme, and supporting biodiversity and livelihood landscape assessment for two Defra-funded projects. |
| 14:45-15:15 |
Could carbon finance halt tropical deforestation and degradation? Or are the voluntary carbon markets and the Paris Agreement's Article 6 a distraction from effective conservation policy?
Carbon finance for tropical forest conservation and restoration has remained disappointingly limited in scale over the past decade, while deforestation has continued fairly unabated, with over 10% of remaining tropical forest being deforested or severely degraded over the last ten years. While some projects and countries have been strong success stories, concerns over integrity, community safeguards, and the overall concept of the use of carbon credit-based as offsets, has largely prevented growth. This presentation looks at the reasons for successes and failures of projects at the local and jurisdictional level, some of the solutions to commonly cited integrity, nesting and permanence concerns, and opportunities for the future. It also looks at other solutions to deforestation, from legislative and capacity support through innovative ideas like the Tropical Forest Forever Facility. It considers what a functioning carbon market could do for tropical forests, and how it could interact and complement other activities. The talk concludes by advocating against letting perfection being the enemy of action, suggesting doing all activities simultaneously, and improving as we go along, rather than designing then piloting a perfect system and implementing it too late.
Professor Ed MitchardSpace Intelligence and University of Edinburgh, UK
Professor Ed MitchardSpace Intelligence and University of Edinburgh, UK Ed Mitchard has spent 20 years using satellite data to map the changing carbon stocks of the world's forests and peatlands. As a professor at Edinburgh University he published over 120 scientific papers, raised $10 million in research funding, and measured >15,000 trees across 13 countries. He has advised governments on how to monitor their forests, been deeply involved in the evolution of carbon standards, including Verra’s VCS, Plan Vivo, ART TREES, Isometric and Equitable Earth, and supported carbon project developers around the world. In 2017 he co-founded Space Intelligence with Dr Murray Collins, to bring high accuracy satellite-derived maps to nature-based carbon offset projects. This was urgent because he thought carbon finance was essential to halt forest destruction and start restoration, but the latest methods and best satellite datasets were not being used. Space Intelligence has grown to 40 employees, providing high quality maps to carbon projects around the world. |
| 15:15-15:45 |
Coffee break
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| 15:45-16:15 |
Financing tropical forest restoration
Deforestation and forest degradation are the major causes of biodiversity loss and carbon emissions in many countries in tropical region including Indonesia. Forest restoration is therefore promoted to recover the forest loss and degradation. The Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) sets Target 2 stating that by 2030 at least 30% (thirty by thirty) of degraded areas are under effective restoration. Various forest restoration efforts have been carried out across the world, yet limited funding constrains the achievement of such ambitious target. Broad range of funding mechanisms are available, but it is not clear how to channel the money. Using Indonesia as example, we present various financing schemes in forest restoration with emphasize on the involvement of non-government actors and particular focus on biodiversity and ecosystem services including carbon. By utilizing potential financial resources from market and non-market mechanisms, forest restoration in the tropics can be upscaled to achieve Target 2 of KMGBF.
Dr Sugeng BudihartaNational Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia
Dr Sugeng BudihartaNational Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia Sugeng is a senior researcher at the Research Center for Ecology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia. He has more than 20 years research experience in the field of ecology and environmental sciences in Indonesia. He is interested in landscape-scale analysis by conducting desktop studies using secondary data as well as site-scale analysis by conducting on-the-ground research to understand the context in the field. His research and opinion have been published in scientific journals (Google Scholar citation = 2774, h index = 21, profile ) as well as featured in popular media (Kompas, Media Indonesia, Jakarta Post). In global policy context, he is now a Lead Author for IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) Spatial Planning and Connectivity Assessment (2025-2027) and was a Lead Author for the Nexus Assessment (2022-2024) and a Young Fellow for IPBES for the Thematic Assessment on Land Degradation and Restoration (2015-2019). |
| 16:15-17:00 |
Discussion leading into ‘campfire’ event
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| 17:00-18:15 |
‘Campfire’ discussion and networking
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Chair
Dr Matthew Struebig
University of Kent, UK
Dr Matthew Struebig
University of Kent, UK
Dr Matthew Struebig is a Reader in Conservation Science at the University of Kent, where he leads the Tropical Defaunation Hub and research on other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) across Southeast Asia. His research examines how tropical biodiversity responds to forest degradation, restoration, and changing land use, with a particular focus on forest–agriculture mosaics and community-managed landscapes. He develops interdisciplinary approaches that combine biodiversity monitoring, spatial analysis, and social science methods to explore trade-offs and synergies among conservation, climate mitigation, and livelihood goals. This work places him at the interface of research, conservation practice, and emerging nature-finance approaches, developing robust evidence, monitoring protocols, and decision-support tools to assess biodiversity outcomes. He was awarded a scientific medal by the Zoological Society of London for his outstanding contributions to conservation science and zoology.
| 09:00-09:15 |
Introduction to session by Chair
Dr Matthew StruebigUniversity of Kent, UK
Dr Matthew StruebigUniversity of Kent, UK Dr Matthew Struebig is a Reader in Conservation Science at the University of Kent, where he leads the Tropical Defaunation Hub and research on other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) across Southeast Asia. His research examines how tropical biodiversity responds to forest degradation, restoration, and changing land use, with a particular focus on forest–agriculture mosaics and community-managed landscapes. He develops interdisciplinary approaches that combine biodiversity monitoring, spatial analysis, and social science methods to explore trade-offs and synergies among conservation, climate mitigation, and livelihood goals. This work places him at the interface of research, conservation practice, and emerging nature-finance approaches, developing robust evidence, monitoring protocols, and decision-support tools to assess biodiversity outcomes. He was awarded a scientific medal by the Zoological Society of London for his outstanding contributions to conservation science and zoology. |
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| 09:15-09:45 |
Enhancing the economic value of regenerating ecosystems through enrichment planting of native non-timber species
When practiced under suitable conditions, assisted natural regeneration (ANR) is a highly effective approach for recovering native biodiversity and ecosystem services. Yet, regenerating forests and woodlands that do not provide financial benefits for farmers and land users are frequently recleared. Enhancing financial benefits of regenerating ecosystems for smallholder farmers and local communities serves to ensure long-term sustainability, conserve native biodiversity, strengthen traditional knowledge and culture, storing carbon, and mitigating extreme effects of climate change. We applied financial analysis over a 30-year projection horizon, extrapolating from available short-term data, to assess the financial feasibility of growing, harvesting and local sale of products sourced from 14 native non-timber forest product (NTFP) species in the context of naturally regenerating forests and savanna woodlands in five Latin American and African countries (Brazil, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Ghana and Nigeria). For nine of the 14 species modelled, net revenue from ANR with enrichment was higher than the most profitable alternative land use within the same area, with similar levels of carbon storage as unassisted natural regeneration. For these cases, assisted natural regeneration with enrichment offers a resilient investment pathway capable of withstanding diverse economic scenarios. Shifting the prevailing model of NFTP extraction to one of cultivation through restoration and regeneration brings multiple benefits for smallholders and local communities. By merging socio-bioeconomy with assisted natural regeneration practices, natural ecosystems can be restored as a key nature-based solution to provide both ecological and economic benefits while supporting traditional knowledge and cultural heritage.
Dr Robin ChazdonUniversity of the Sunshine Coast, US
Dr Robin ChazdonUniversity of the Sunshine Coast, US Robin Chazdon is Professor Emerita in the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department at the University of Connecticut (1988-2016) and Adjunct Research Professor with the Forest Research Institute and Tropical Forests and People Research Centre at the University of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland, Australia. Her long-term and ongoing collaborative research focuses on natural regeneration of tropical forests, forest and landscape restoration, and ecosystem services provided by forests. She is an active member of the FAO Task Force on Best Practices for the UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration. Dr Chazdon is a Senior Fellow with the World Resources Institute Global Restoration Initiative and serves as director of the Assisted Natural Regeneration Alliance. She is the project manager for Assisted Regeneration Capacity Development Programs for the GEF8 Ecosystem Restoration Integration Program. She is an Honorary Member of the British Ecological Society and an Honorary Fellow of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. In addition to her sole-authored book Second Growth, she has co-edited two books and published 291 peer reviewed papers and book chapters. |
| 09:45-10:15 |
Talk title tbc
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| 10:15-10:45 |
Lianas as a constraint on tropical forest recovery and carbon storage
Tropical forests play a central role in the global carbon cycle, yet their capacity to sequester and store carbon is increasingly influenced by changes in forest structure and composition. Among the most important of these changes is the widespread increase in liana abundance observed across many tropical regions. Lianas compete intensely with trees for light, water and nutrients, reducing tree growth and carbon uptake, but their consequences for long-term forest recovery and carbon storage remain poorly understood. In this talk, I will present findings from the world's longest-running liana removal experiment in Panama, which has tracked forest dynamics for more than a decade. Combining experimental data with process-based modelling, we show that lianas impose a persistent suppression of tree growth throughout forest regeneration. Rather than diminishing as forests mature, these effects accumulate through time, delaying recovery trajectories and substantially reducing the carbon storage potential of regenerating forests. Model projections indicate that lianas delay the time required for forests to reach maximum carbon storage by more than four decades and reduce long-term carbon storage capacity by approximately 25%. I will also present new evidence from a decomposition experiment embedded within the liana removal study that provides insight into below-ground carbon cycling. These results show that lianas influence not only carbon uptake through their effects on tree growth, but also the pathways through which carbon is processed and returned to the atmosphere via decomposition. Together, these findings highlight lianas as a major but often overlooked regulator of tropical forest carbon dynamics, with important implications for tropical forest recovery, carbon sink strength and climate-change mitigation.
Professor Geertje Van der HeijdenUniversity of Nottingham, UK
Professor Geertje Van der HeijdenUniversity of Nottingham, UK Geertje van der Heijden is Professor of Forest Ecology and Global Change at the University of Nottingham. Her research focuses on the drivers of forest productivity, carbon sequestration and resilience to global environmental change, with particular expertise in tropical forests. She combines long-term field experiments, forest monitoring and ecological modelling to understand how factors such as lianas, drought and forest regeneration influence ecosystem function and carbon cycling. Her work contributes to improving predictions of forest responses to climate change and informs strategies for conserving and restoring forest ecosystems worldwide. |
| 10:45-11:15 |
Coffee break
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| 11:15-11:45 |
Talk title tbc
Dr Kate HardwickKew, UK
Dr Kate HardwickKew, UK Kate has worked at Kew since 2002 and for Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank partnership since 2007. She has a PhD in restoration ecology and is the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership’s Restoration Ecology Coordinator. This role involves supporting the Millennium Seed Bank’s partners world-wide to combat biodiversity loss, through delivering solutions to seed-based ecological restoration, with a particular emphasis on enhancing, expanding and supporting the supply and use of native seeds. Kate’s research interests have focused on the use of seeds in ecological restoration of tropical forests and temperate grasslands and native seed supply systems and markets. |
| 11:45-12:30 |
Discussion
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Chair
Dr Jennifer Lucey
University of Oxford, UK
Dr Jennifer Lucey
University of Oxford, UK
Jennifer Lucey is Deputy Director of the Nature-based Solutions Initiative and a Senior Researcher in biodiversity and sustainable agriculture at the Smith School for Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford. Her research develops nature-based solutions to transform agricultural landscapes, supporting biodiversity, resilient ecosystems, and sustainable food production. She works at the science–policy–practice interface, collaborating with industry, governments, and NGOs to co-develop research that meets stakeholder needs. An internationally recognised authority on biodiversity and forests in oil palm landscapes, she has served on advisory groups including the RSPO Biodiversity and High Conservation Value Working Group, the NERC Scientific Advisory Network, and the High Carbon Stock Approach Scientific Advisory Committee. She leads Oxford's Agricultural Resilience Impact and Innovation Hub and a new partnership with the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil Standard to advance knowledge, innovation, and policy for an inclusive, climate-resilient, and nature-positive palm oil sector.
| 13:30-13:45 |
Introduction to session by Chair
Dr Jennifer LuceyUniversity of Oxford, UK
Dr Jennifer LuceyUniversity of Oxford, UK Jennifer Lucey is Deputy Director of the Nature-based Solutions Initiative and a Senior Researcher in biodiversity and sustainable agriculture at the Smith School for Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford. Her research develops nature-based solutions to transform agricultural landscapes, supporting biodiversity, resilient ecosystems, and sustainable food production. She works at the science–policy–practice interface, collaborating with industry, governments, and NGOs to co-develop research that meets stakeholder needs. An internationally recognised authority on biodiversity and forests in oil palm landscapes, she has served on advisory groups including the RSPO Biodiversity and High Conservation Value Working Group, the NERC Scientific Advisory Network, and the High Carbon Stock Approach Scientific Advisory Committee. She leads Oxford's Agricultural Resilience Impact and Innovation Hub and a new partnership with the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil Standard to advance knowledge, innovation, and policy for an inclusive, climate-resilient, and nature-positive palm oil sector. |
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| 13:45-14:15 |
Challenges and opportunities of field-based monitoring of tropical biodiversity in forest carbon projects
Permian Global is a forest carbon project developer that channels private-sector finance into protecting and restoring tropical forests. Such projects are validated and verified against Verra's Climate, Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards, but verifying biodiversity trends over time through standardised, scalable field monitoring remains difficult. Focusing on the Kuamut Rainforest Conservation Project (KRCP; Sabah, Malaysia) and the Katingan Mentaya Project (KMP; Central Kalimantan, Indonesia), I discuss the practical challenges and opportunities of delivering credible monitoring in hyper-diverse landscapes, and present case studies on biodiversity-carbon relationships from our monitoring data. Key challenges include limited standard-specific guidance on biodiversity indicators, survey protocols and adaptive sampling designs, requiring project teams to develop and justify tailored monitoring approaches; monitoring vast, inaccessible areas; and anthropogenic threats such as hunting, logging, fires and encroachment. Camera trapping and bioacoustic surveys often generate data volumes exceeding manual identification capacity, and use of automated tools remains limited as creating tropical species libraries is more challenging than for temperate regions. Managing investors' preference for simple, comparable metrics with biodiversity's inherent complexity remains a trade-off. Opportunities exist alongside these challenges. Growing buyer demand for high-integrity biodiversity benefits from forest carbon projects is driving investment in monitoring. Emerging technologies, including AI-assisted image and sound recognition and remote sensing, offer more efficient data processing and analysis. Community engagement and livelihood enhancement also help reduce threats such as logging and encroachment, strengthening biodiversity outcomes. I conclude with priorities for making field-based biodiversity monitoring more standardised, technology-enabled and scientifically robust.
Dr Sarah ScrivenPermian Global, UK
Dr Sarah ScrivenPermian Global, UK Dr Sarah Scriven is a conservation scientist and ecologist on the Technical Team at Permian Global, where she provides technical expertise in biodiversity monitoring, survey design, data analysis and reporting across large-scale forest carbon projects, including the Kuamut Rainforest Conservation Project (KRCP) in Sabah, Malaysia and the Katingan Mentaya Project (KMP) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. She has over ten years' experience delivering applied ecological research, including roles at the University of York and the University of Oxford, and collaborative work with the South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP). Her background spans biodiversity monitoring, landscape connectivity and identifying priority areas for protection, with a focus on translating ecological evidence into practical recommendations for conservation management and policy. She has worked across forested and agricultural landscapes with NGOs, industry, government agencies and international field teams, embedding evidence-led conservation into decision-making and strengthening the link between science, policy and on-the-ground delivery. |
| 14:15-14:45 |
Repeated airborne LiDAR reveals structural recovery and carbon dynamics across tropical forest restoration pathways
Tropical forest restoration has become a cornerstone of global climate and biodiversity strategies, yet robust evidence of how different restoration pathways recover ecosystem structure and carbon over time remains limited. This presentation demonstrates how repeated airborne LiDAR surveys, combined with field measurements, can provide unprecedented insights into long-term forest recovery across contrasting restoration pathways in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Over a nine-year period (2014–2023), we compared structural development and aboveground carbon dynamics in old-growth forests, naturally regenerating forests, and actively restored forests. Repeated three-dimensional measurements revealed distinct recovery trajectories among forest types. While old-growth forests remained structurally stable, actively restored forests exhibited the greatest gains in canopy complexity, basal area, and aboveground carbon, outperforming naturally regenerating forests in rates of carbon accumulation and structural recovery. These findings demonstrate that restoration interventions can substantially accelerate ecosystem recovery when compared with passive regeneration. Beyond quantifying forest change, this study highlights the value of repeated airborne LiDAR as a powerful tool for evaluating restoration effectiveness, supporting national forest monitoring systems, and strengthening Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) frameworks for climate mitigation. By linking advances in Earth observation with ecological understanding, this work provides new evidence to guide restoration investments and offers practical insights for safeguarding tropical forests in the Anthropocene. Dr Wan Shafrina Wan Mohd JaafarNational University of Malaysia, Malaysia Dr Wan Shafrina Wan Mohd JaafarNational University of Malaysia, Malaysia Associate Professor Dr Wan Shafrina Wan Mohd Jaafar is Head of the Earth Observation Centre at the Institute of Climate Change, National University of Malaysia. She leads research on the application of airborne and spaceborne LiDAR, Earth observation, and geospatial analytics for tropical forest monitoring, forest landscape restoration, carbon assessment, and climate change. She obtained her PhD from the University of Edinburgh and was awarded the prestigious Fulbright Scholar Award, serving as a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Maryland, USA (2024/2025). She advises to the Government of Malaysia on strategic environmental and geospatial issues, including transboundary pollution, land reclamation, and international boundary delimitation. She represents Malaysia in the Malaysia-Singapore Joint Committee on the Environment (MSJCE), serves as an Expert Panel Member of the National Geoinformation/Geomatics Research Technical Committee under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability, Malaysia and is the National Secretary of the Institution of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia (IGRSM). |
| 14:45-15:15 |
Mechanisms for the conservation of tropical forests with a focus on East Africa
Professor Neil BurgessUNEP-WCMC, UK
Professor Neil BurgessUNEP-WCMC, UK Neil Burgess is a conservation scientist who worked extensively in Africa, particularly East and West Africa on tropical forest conservation. He was based in Africa off and on for over 20 years, mainly in Tanzania. Since 2010 he has worked more at the science/policy interface and has blended field based insights of conservation in Africa with the needs of international conservation policy and its implementation at country and business levels. He is the Chief Scientist at UNEP-WCMC (UNEPs specialised biodiversity agency based in Cambridge) and a Professor of Conservation Science at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. |
| 15:15-15:45 |
Coffee break
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| 15:45-16:15 |
Panel discussion
Miss India StephensonrePLANET, UK
Miss India StephensonrePLANET, UK Indy Stephenson is Biodiversity MRV Manager at rePLANET, leading on the design and implementation of biodiversity monitoring on their nature restoration and preservation projects around the world. Her primary focus is ensuring that monitoring methods are robust and tailored to meet the rigorous standards necessary for high-quality carbon and biodiversity credits projects. Dr Phil PlattsBeZero Carbon, UK Dr Phil PlattsBeZero Carbon, UK Phil is a conservation scientist and Senior Vice President at BeZero Carbon, the carbon ratings agency. He leads the geospatial science function, overseeing the integration of satellite and field data in independent evaluations of natural climate solutions across more than 100 countries. His work assesses carbon stocks and change, counterfactual baselines, fire monitoring, and climate risk. Phil holds an honorary position at the University of York and has authored over 50 scientific papers, alongside technical reports for the United Nations and IUCN. His fieldwork in Africa, research, and commentary have featured in National Geographic, The Guardian, and the World Economic Forum.
Mr Harry TittensorPlan Vivo Foundation, UK
Mr Harry TittensorPlan Vivo Foundation, UK Harry is an environmental practitioner working as a Senior Nature Officer at Plan Vivo. He is part of the team that developed the PV Nature Biodiversity Standard. This mechanism allows community- and smallholder-led conservation projects to issue certified biodiversity certificates. The standard seeks to balance scientific rigour in measurement with accessibility for community-led projects. It currently has 11 pipeline projects nearing certification across many different parts of the world. Many of these projects are currently baselining in accordance with the PV Nature methodology. Harry has an interdisciplinary professional and academic background spanning conservation, international relations, and education. He spent over a decade working in Colombia before returning to the UK in 2022 to join Plan Vivo. |
| 16:15-17:00 |
Panel continues then wrap up and next steps
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